鈥?/div>
I
IN
R6
20k
V
IN
R
IAC
1M
C3
0.001碌F
I
M
I
AC
Figure 2
80
60
LOOP GAIN (dB)
40
20
0
鈥?0
鈥?0
0.1
1
10
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1508 鈥?F03
100
CURRENT LOOP GAIN (dB)
Figure 3
Current Amplifier (PFC Section)
The current amplifier has a 110dB DC gain, 3MHz unity-
gain frequency and a 2V/碌s slew rate. It is internally
clamped at 8.5V. Note that in the current averaging opera-
tion, high gain at twice the line frequency is necessary to
minimize line current distortion. Because CA
OUT
may need
to swing 5V over one line cycle at high line condition,
20mV AC will be needed at the inputs of the current
amplifier for a gain of 260 at 120Hz. Especially at light load
when the current loop reference signal is small, lower gain
will distort the reference signal and line current. But, if
signal gain at switching frequency is too high, the system
behaves more like a current mode system and can cause
subharmonic oscillation.
8
+
鈥?/div>
M
OUT
I
SENSE
CA
LT1508
1508 鈥?F02
60
45
PHASE MARGIN (DEG)
30
15
0
鈥?5
鈥?0
1000
U
W
U
U
To avoid subharmonic oscillations, the amplified downslope
of the inductor current must be less than the slope of the
oscillator ramp.
V
CA(OUT)
(V
OSC
)(L)(f
SW
)
鈮?/div>
V
RS
(V
OUT
)(R
S
)
=
(5V)(500碌H)(100k)
= 4.4
(382V)(0.15鈩?
CA
OUT
If the current amplifier gain at 100kHz is less than 4.4,
there will be no subharmonic oscillation. The open-loop
gain of the current loop is given by:
V
RS
V
CA(OUT)
=
=
(V
OUT
)(R
S
)
(j)(2蟺f)(L)(V
OSC
)
(382V)(0.15鈩?
3648
=
(j)(2蟺f)(500碌H)(5V) (j)(f)
The current error amp, with R5 = 4k, R6 = 20k, C3 =
0.001碌F and C4 = 300pF, provides zero pole compensa-
tion resulting in 16kHz loop crossover frequency. The
current amp gain at 100kHz is 1.7. The resulting current
loop gain and phase margin is shown in Figure 4.
80
60
40
20
0
鈥?0
鈥?0
0.1
1
10
FREQUENCY (kHz)
1508 鈥?F04
60
45
PHASE MARGIN (DEG)
30
15
0
鈥?5
鈥?0
1000
100
Figure 4
Multiplier
The multiplier has high noise immunity and superior
linearity over its full operating range. The current gain is
I
M
= (I
AC
I
EA2
)/(200碌A(chǔ)
2
) with I
EA
= (VA
OUT
鈥?2V)/ 25k. The
error amplifier output voltage required at the input to the
multiplier is:
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