SLUS593B 鈭?DECEMBER 2003 鈭?REVISED APRIL 2004
TPS40054
TPS40055
TPS40057
APPLICATION INFORMATION
PROGRAMMING THE RAMP GENERATOR CIRCUIT
The ramp generator circuit provides the actual ramp used by the PWM comparator. The ramp generator
provides voltage feed-forward control by varying the PWM ramp slope with line voltage, while maintaining a
constant ramp magnitude. Varying the PWM ramp directly with line voltage provides excellent response to line
variations since the PWM does not have to wait for loop delays before changing the duty cycle. (See Figure 1).
VIN
VIN
SW
VPEAK
COMP
RAMP
tON1
t
d
+
ON
T
T1
tON2
T2
SW
RAMP
COMP
VVALLEY
tON1 > tON2 and d1 >
d2
UDG鈭?2131
Figure 1. Voltage Feed-Forward Effect on PWM Duty Cycle
The PWM ramp must be faster than the master clock frequency or the PWM is prevented from starting. The
PWM ramp time is programmed via a single resistor (R
KFF
) pulled up to VIN. R
KFF
is related to R
T
, and the
minimum input voltage, V
IN(min)
through the following:
R
KFF
+
V
IN (min)
*
3.5
where:
58.14
R
T
)
1340
W
(2)
D
V
IN(min)
is the ensured minimum start-up voltage. The actual start-up voltage is nominally about 10% lower
D
at 25擄C.
R
T
is the timing resistance in k鈩?/div>
The curve showing the R
KFF
required for a given switching frequency, f
SW
, is shown in Figure 3.
For low input voltage and high duty cycle applications, the voltage feed-forward may limit the duty cycle
prematurely. This does not occur for most applications. The voltage control loop controls the duty cycle and
regulates the output voltage. For more information on large duty cycle operation, refer to Application Note
(SLUA310).
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